The Viking Encounters with Byzantium (Eastern Roman Empire) and the Holy Roman Empire in Valhalla Season 3
The highly anticipated third season of Vikings: Valhalla is set to premiere on Netflix, marking the final chapter in the saga of Leif Eriksson, Freydís Eiríksdóttir, and Harald Sigurdsson. This season promises not only to continue the thrilling adventures of these iconic Vikings but also to delve into their interactions with the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, offering a rich tapestry of historical intrigue and epic storytelling.
Setting the Stage: From Scandinavia to Byzantium
Season 3 picks up seven years after the events of the second season, which left our heroes scattered and facing new challenges. Freydís, now the leader of pagan Jomsborg, Harald, and Leif, have all carved new paths for themselves. The series explores their journeys, with particular attention to Harald and Leif's exploits in Constantinople, the heart of the Byzantine Empire.
Constantinople, known for its grandeur and strategic importance, becomes a crucial backdrop in this season. Harald’s quest intertwines with his complex relationship with Elena, a mysterious woman betrothed to the Emperor. Their forbidden romance adds layers of tension and political intrigue, highlighting the cultural and religious contrasts between the Norse pagans and the Christian Byzantines. Meanwhile, Leif’s journey symbolizes a transformative period as he embraces Christianity and seeks knowledge in the Byzantine capital, reflecting the historical interactions between the Vikings and the Byzantine Empire during the early 11th century.
Byzantine General Maniakes and Historical Accuracy
The series has made several references to Byzantium in its recent episodes. While the show is primarily for entertainment rather than historical accuracy, it’s interesting to note some of the historical inaccuracies present.
In the series, Commander Euphemios is referred to as Byzantine. Historically, the term "Byzantine" was used only for the inhabitants of Constantinople (Byzantium) up until the 16th century. The German historian Hieronymus Wolf first used the term "Byzantine Empire" in 1555. During the medieval period, the correct term for Euphemios would likely have been "Roman," as the Byzantine Empire was known as the "Roman Empire" (Basileia Rhomaion) in that era. Since Euphemios was Greek-speaking, he could also be called "Graikos" (Greek), but not "Hellen," as that term was synonymous with pagan at the time.
One of the most intriguing new characters introduced in Season 3 is General Maniakes, portrayed by Florian Munteanu. Maniakes is a real historical figure, a prominent Byzantine general renowned for his military prowess and complex relationship with the empire's rulers. His inclusion in the series highlights the Vikings’ extensive travels and their encounters with diverse cultures and powerful empires. This portrayal offers a glimpse into the military strategies and political dynamics of the Byzantine Empire during this era, emphasizing the series’ commitment to weaving historical facts with dramatic narrative.
The series suggests that the Roman Empire is a shadow of its former self. While it’s true that during the reign of Michael II (820–829), the empire was not as powerful as in the 1st or even the 6th century AD, it was still the most powerful state in Europe. It controlled Asia Minor, the southern Balkans, southern Italy, and Sicily. It successfully defended against the Lombards, Saracens, Arabs, Slavs, and Bulgarians, repelled two major Arab sieges in 674-678 and 717, survived a century-long religious schism known as Iconoclasm, and overcame a severe famine in 747–748. The empire could mobilize tens of thousands of soldiers and an impressive navy, remaining a beacon of civilization, with Constantinople being the wealthiest city in Europe.
The Varangian Guard, depicted as tall, bearded, axe-wielding Norse mercenaries, did not exist during the reign of Michael II, as suggested in the series. When Vladimir I of Kiev sent 6,000 Rus soldiers as a gift in exchange for Basil II's sister Anna, who Basil used to put down the rebellion of Bardas Phocas, Basil established the Guard in 988.
The Holy Roman Empire: A Crossroad of Power
In addition to the Byzantine connections, the season also touches upon the broader geopolitical landscape of early medieval Europe, including the Holy Roman Empire. This empire, a significant power in Western Europe, often clashed and interacted with both the Byzantine Empire and the Norse warriors. The complex relationships and conflicts between these entities are subtly explored through the characters’ journeys and the political maneuvers that shape their destinies.
The previous season vaguely referenced the Holy Roman Empire, often confusing it with the Byzantine Empire. However, these were distinct entities. In an effort to revive the Roman Empire, Charlemagne established the Holy Roman Empire in Western Europe in the eighth century, which sparked hostilities with the Byzantine Empire. Even in the early 13th century, the Holy Roman Emperors referred to Byzantine Emperors as "Kings of the Greeks," asserting their claim to the Roman legacy.
The portrayal of these historical interactions enriches the narrative, providing viewers with a deeper understanding of the period’s intricate power dynamics. The series illustrates how the Viking incursions and alliances influenced the political and cultural landscapes of both the Byzantine and Holy Roman Empires, reflecting the interconnected nature of medieval European history.
Conclusion: A Grand Finale
As Vikings: Valhalla concludes with its third season, it promises a fitting end to the epic journeys of Leif, Freydís, and Harald. The inclusion of Byzantine and Holy Roman Empire elements not only adds historical depth but also broadens the scope of the series, showcasing the far-reaching influence and adventures of these legendary Vikings. Fans can expect a blend of historical authenticity, dramatic storytelling, and thrilling action, making this season a must-watch for history enthusiasts and series fans alike.
The final episodes of Vikings: Valhalla will be available on Netflix, providing an epic conclusion to a saga that has captivated audiences worldwide.
